Cardiology is a medical specialty focused on diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases of the heart and cardiovascular system. It plays a critical role in addressing conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, hypertension, and congenital heart defects. Cardiologists use advanced diagnostic tools like electrocardiograms (ECGs), echocardiograms, stress tests, and cardiac catheterization to evaluate heart health and identify abnormalities.

Preventive cardiology emphasizes lifestyle modifications, such as diet, exercise, and smoking cessation, to reduce the risk of heart disease. For acute and chronic conditions, cardiologists employ treatments ranging from medications to surgical interventions like angioplasty, stent placement, or bypass surgery. They also manage implantable devices, such as pacemakers and defibrillators, to regulate heart rhythms.

Cardiology is a rapidly evolving field, with innovations like minimally invasive procedure...